| View previous topic :: View next topic |
| Author |
Message |
manuels
Advocate
Joined: 22 Nov 2003
Posts: 2146
Location: Europe
|
 Posted: Sat Dec 08, 2012 3:21 pm Post subject: Eine HDD lahm, die andere schnell - wieso? |
 |
|
Hallo,
ich stehe hier vor einem Problem mit meinen (nicht identischen) Festplatten:
Die eine Festplatte (sda) im Rechner ist ziemlich lahm:
| Code: | hdparm -tT /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 9354 MB in 2.00 seconds = 4679.16 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 38 MB in 4.57 seconds = 8.31 MB/sec
|
Die andere (sdb) jedoch ist schnell wie ein Fuchs: | Code: | hdparm -tT /dev/sdb
/dev/sdb:
Timing cached reads: 14670 MB in 2.00 seconds = 7340.22 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 432 MB in 3.01 seconds = 143.35 MB/sec
|
Hier Infos zu den Festplatten | Code: | hdparm /dev/sd?
/dev/sda:
multcount = 0 (off)
IO_support = 1 (32-bit)
readonly = 0 (off)
readahead = 256 (on)
geometry = 121601/255/63, sectors = 1953525168, start = 0
/dev/sdb:
multcount = 0 (off)
IO_support =257 (???)
readonly = 0 (off)
readahead = 256 (on)
geometry = 243201/255/63, sectors = 3907029168, start = 0
hdparm -i /dev/sd?
/dev/sda:
Model=WDC WD1001FALS-41Y6A0, FwRev=05.03D06, SerialNo=WD-WCATR2083396
Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec SpinMotCtl Fixed DTR>5Mbs FmtGapReq }
RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=50
BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=1953525168
IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
PIO modes: pio0 pio3 pio4
DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
Drive conforms to: Unspecified: ATA/ATAPI-1,2,3,4,5,6,7
* signifies the current active mode
/dev/sdb:
Model=ST2000DL003-9VT166, FwRev=CC45, SerialNo=5YD90CC4
Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs RotSpdTol>.5% }
RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4
BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=3907029168
IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
Drive conforms to: unknown: ATA/ATAPI-4,5,6,7
* signifies the current active mode
|
Hat jemand hier eine Idee was falsch sein könnte?
_________________
Build your own live cd with catalyst 2.0! |
|
| Back to top |
|
 |
mrsteven
Veteran
Joined: 04 Jul 2003
Posts: 1939
|
| Posted: Sat Dec 08, 2012 11:31 pm Post subject: |
|
|
Einige WD-Platten haben anscheinend ein ziemlich aggressives Powermanagement, weshalb ich dieses über hdparm deaktiviert habe:
| /etc/conf.d/hdparm: |
sda_args="-B255"
|
Möglich, dass deine Platte sich zwischenzeitlich schlafen legt und deshalb bei einem Zugriff erst wieder anlaufen muss. Weniger gut, aber auch möglich wäre ein Defekt. Was sagt denn ein: | Code: | | smartctl -a /dev/sda |
|
|
| Back to top |
|
|
toralf
Developer
Joined: 01 Feb 2004
Posts: 3943
Location: Hamburg
|
| Posted: Sun Dec 09, 2012 9:39 am Post subject: |
|
|
Mich stört (ein bischen) das | Code: | | IO_support =257 (???) |
aber davon abgesehen, was bewirkt denn ein | Code: | | hdparm -d1 /dev/sda |
? |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
manuels
Advocate
Joined: 22 Nov 2003
Posts: 2146
Location: Europe
|
| Posted: Sun Dec 09, 2012 11:42 am Post subject: |
|
|
Erstmal, Danke für eure Ideen.
Leider werden die beiden von euch vorgeschlagenen Kommandos von der Platte nicht unterstützt:
| Code: | #hdparm -B255 /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
setting Advanced Power Management level to disabled
HDIO_DRIVE_CMD failed: Input/output error
APM_level = not supported
#hdparm -d1 /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
setting using_dma to 1 (on)
HDIO_SET_DMA failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device
HDIO_GET_DMA failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device
|
Die Ausgabe der SMART-Tools sieht recht interessant aus, wobei ich aber nie interpretieren kann wie schwerwiegend diese sind: | Code: | #smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [x86_64-linux-3.5.0-17-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Caviar Black
Device Model: WDC WD1001FALS-41Y6A0
Serial Number: WD-WCATR2083396
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 25a1a19a8
Firmware Version: 05.03D06
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is: Sun Dec 9 12:37:08 2012 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x84) Offline data collection activity
was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (15900) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 184) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0xb037) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 201 175 021 Pre-fail Always - 2941
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 861
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 196 196 140 Pre-fail Always - 26
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 086 086 000 Old_age Always - 10717
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 825
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 63
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 797
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 110 100 000 Old_age Always - 37
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x0036 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 174 174 000 Old_age Always - 26
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 197 197 000 Old_age Always - 510
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 199 198 000 Old_age Offline - 246
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 164 100 000 Old_age Offline - 7299
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 64 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 64 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10697 hours (445 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 94 b4 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0000b494 = 46228
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 00 b4 00 e0 00 1d+01:11:00.000 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b3 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.995 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b2 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.995 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b1 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.994 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b0 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.993 READ DMA
Error 63 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10697 hours (445 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 94 b4 00 e0 Error: UNC 8 sectors at LBA = 0x0000b494 = 46228
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 90 b4 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:06.054 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b5 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:06.053 READ DMA
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+01:10:02.521 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+01:10:00.792 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 62 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10697 hours (445 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 94 b4 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0000b494 = 46228
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 00 b4 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.328 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b3 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.322 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b2 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.305 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b1 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.304 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b0 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.303 READ DMA
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
|
_________________
Build your own live cd with catalyst 2.0! |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
mrsteven
Veteran
Joined: 04 Jul 2003
Posts: 1939
|
| Posted: Sun Dec 09, 2012 4:30 pm Post subject: |
|
|
Hmm, das schaut nicht gut aus:
| manuels wrote: | | Code: | #smartctl -a /dev/sda
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 196 196 140 Pre-fail Always - 26
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 174 174 000 Old_age Always - 26
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 197 197 000 Old_age Always - 510
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 199 198 000 Old_age Offline - 246
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 164 100 000 Old_age Offline - 7299
Error 64 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10697 hours (445 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 94 b4 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0000b494 = 46228
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 00 b4 00 e0 00 1d+01:11:00.000 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b3 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.995 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b2 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.995 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b1 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.994 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b0 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:59.993 READ DMA
Error 63 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10697 hours (445 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 08 94 b4 00 e0 Error: UNC 8 sectors at LBA = 0x0000b494 = 46228
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 08 90 b4 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:06.054 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b5 00 e0 00 1d+01:10:06.053 READ DMA
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+01:10:02.521 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 1d+01:10:00.792 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 62 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10697 hours (445 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 94 b4 00 e0 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0000b494 = 46228
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 00 00 b4 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.328 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b3 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.322 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b2 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.305 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b1 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.304 READ DMA
c8 00 00 00 b0 00 e0 00 1d+01:09:53.303 READ DMA
|
|
Das heißt, es gibt ein paar fehlerhafte Blöcke auf deiner Platte. Einige davon wurden schon auf Reserveblöcke umgelegt (Reallocated_Sector_Ct, Reallocated_Event_Count), bei einigen steht das Umlegen noch aus (Current_Pending_Sector). Das ist nur möglich, wenn der Block neu geschrieben wird, also wenn z.B. die Platte mittels dd (nach einer Datensicherung natürlich) komplett überschrieben wird. Und auch dann würde ich an deiner Stelle der Platte keine wichtigen Daten mehr anvertrauen, da es gut möglich ist, dass demnächst noch ein paar Blöcke mehr kaputt gehen. |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
manuels
Advocate
Joined: 22 Nov 2003
Posts: 2146
Location: Europe
|
| Posted: Tue Dec 11, 2012 11:11 am Post subject: |
|
|
Danke, mrsteven. Sind ja keine guten Nachrichten.
Aber rechtfertigen diese defekten Sektoren auch die miese Performance der Platte?
_________________
Build your own live cd with catalyst 2.0! |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
Max Steel
Advocate
Joined: 12 Feb 2007
Posts: 2272
Location: My own world! I and Gentoo!
|
| Posted: Tue Dec 11, 2012 11:24 am Post subject: |
|
|
Zu einer Performance der Platte zählt im üblichen auch Fragmentierung der Partitionen (die bei >90% belegter Speicherplatz auch unter ext2/3, reiserfs etc. einsetzt) und es zählt die Plattendrehzahl und auch das Alter. Zusätzlich zum Zustand der Kabelage und ähnliche Dinge. Auslastung des Busses (bei PATA) oder des Controllers (bei SATA u. PATA) zählen auch mit rein.
Wenigstens hast du noch keine RAW_READ_ERROR und SEEK_ERROR, welche (vor allem letzteres) deutlich auf die Performance-bremse drücken.
Was sagt bei dir denn ein SMART self-test aus? (starte mit smartctl -t [long|short] /dev/sdx, überprüfe mit smartctl -a /dev/sdx)
_________________
mfg
Steel
___________________
Heim-PC: AMD Ryzen 5950X, 64GB RAM, GTX 1080
Laptop: Intel Core i5-4300U, 16GB RAM, Intel Graphic
Arbeit-PC: Intel i5-1145G7, 16GB RAM, Intel Iris Xe Graphic (leider WSL2) |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
manuels
Advocate
Joined: 22 Nov 2003
Posts: 2146
Location: Europe
|
| Posted: Tue Dec 11, 2012 10:51 pm Post subject: |
|
|
Eigentlich ist die Platte recht neu. Sie ist die Orginal-Festplatte eines MacPro (war nicht meine Idee den zu kaufen!), weshalb die Kabel eigentlich als Ursache ausschließen (Originalverkabelung).
Auch kann ich das Dateisystem als Ursache ausschließen, da ich ja mit hdparm direkt /dev/sda teste und nicht irgendwelche Dateien im Filesystem.
Werde morgen mal einen SMART-Short-Test starten.
_________________
Build your own live cd with catalyst 2.0! |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
manuels
Advocate
Joined: 22 Nov 2003
Posts: 2146
Location: Europe
|
| Posted: Fri Dec 14, 2012 3:19 pm Post subject: |
|
|
hmm, der short-Test bricht ab:
| Code: | SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 10841 46209
# 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 10717 2288104
|
_________________
Build your own live cd with catalyst 2.0! |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
DruillaInes
n00b
Joined: 08 Dec 2012
Posts: 1
|
| Posted: Fri Dec 14, 2012 9:36 pm Post subject: |
|
|
| Wieviel Prozent der Platte dürfen/müssen defekt sein, damit man sie vom Hersteller ersetzt bekommt? Oder ist das nach Hersteller unterschiedlich? |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
franzf
Advocate
Joined: 29 Mar 2005
Posts: 4565
|
| Posted: Fri Dec 14, 2012 9:47 pm Post subject: |
|
|
| DruillaInes wrote: | | Wieviel Prozent der Platte dürfen/müssen defekt sein, damit man sie vom Hersteller ersetzt bekommt? Oder ist das nach Hersteller unterschiedlich? |
Andere Interessante Frage dürfte sein, ob durch Installation eines anderen BS auf dem Mac nicht die Garantie erloschen ist :/ |
|
| Back to top |
|
|
|
|
You cannot post new topics in this forum
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
You cannot edit your posts in this forum
You cannot delete your posts in this forum
You cannot vote in polls in this forum
|
|
Deutsches Forum (German)
