Cannot open root device "hda1" Sun Ultra 10

[splash_wave]

I booted into my new installation on a Sun Ultra 10 to get the following on the display..

Cannot open root device "hda1" or unknown-block(0,0): error -6
Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

it freezes and does not goto anything further.

My partition scheme is as follows

hda1 /
hda2 swap

I don't want to have to compile a new kernel! It takes over an hour on the historic 440MHz Sparc CPU!

[666threesixes666]

posts like this i pm as to not knock it off the unanswered threads. sda, hda is deprecated.... just live rescue cd it, and change your grub around, reinstall grub to /dev/sda & all should be well at reboot.

[Hu]

The first response looks a bit mangled, so to restate and elaborate:

On modern kernels, your drives will be sda, even if they are IDE/PATA drives. Based on the output provided, I think that the kernel the OP tried to use does not even understand the drive in the machine. If I am right, then a kernel rebuild is in your future.

[splash_wave]

I'm using SILO since I'm on a Sun machine. And my kernel is 3.8.13. I used the hda throughout the install. I know that hda is deprecated but it might not be with Sun machines? When I boot with a rescue cd I successfully use the hda abstraction to the drive.

[splash_wave]

I just changed my SILO /etc/silo.conf file to root="sda1" and rebooted the machine. I get the same error but now it's

Cannot open root device "sda1" or unknown-block(0,0): error -6

and so forth...

So if I do rebuild the kernel, what should I include in the build; I'm guessing I would build in some hard drive controller and as a module or not as a module.. I'm not sure; and how do I know which one to build in?

[666threesixes666]

in the boot media that is known working with the hard drive, run LSMOD.... document it, run DMESG document it... read the troubleshooting wiki page.

Those commands may be useful but be sure to type them in lowercase - mod edit by NeddySeaggon

[NeddySeagoon]

splash_wave.

The last SUN livecd I recall seeing was so old it used the old /dev/hda IDE names.

However, you will have an up to date kernel and udev, so during the course of the install, you need to change over.
This is a mess - its a lot to get right at the same time and the U10 has probably the worst IDE interface ever made.
My U10 died a few years ago, its been replaced with a Raspberry Pi :)

[https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-p-4570091.html?sid=3e7b0aeb221171591106608dfd32c1d6#4570091]These[/url] high level settings will be correct for you.
I have a feeling that the SATA Menu has grown a few sub menus since that 2007 post but nothing that a bit of poking around won't find.

Your low level chipset driver is

[NeddySeagoon]

Moved from Installing Gentoo to Gentoo on Sparc.

A U10 is a SPARC.
_________________
Regards,

NeddySeagoon

Computer users fall into two groups:-
those that do backups
those that have never had a hard drive fail.

[splash_wave]

Okay here's the result. Oh and the live cd is using kernel 2.6 by the way, I built my kernel with 3.8.13

livecd ~ # lsmod
Module Size Used by
ipv6 247145 10
snd_sun_cs4231 17262 0
snd_pcm 64263 1 snd_sun_cs4231
snd_timer 16596 2 snd_sun_cs4231,snd_pcm
snd 45191 3 snd_sun_cs4231,snd_pcm,snd_timer
soundcore 4751 1 snd
snd_page_alloc 4821 2 snd_sun_cs4231,snd_pcm
sunhme 25516 0
openpromfs 4254 1
tg3 125776 0
libphy 14166 1 tg3
e1000 89714 0
fuse 53756 0
nfs 253626 0
auth_rpcgss 35477 1 nfs
nfs_acl 2207 1 nfs
lockd 59875 1 nfs
sunrpc 166960 4 nfs,auth_rpcgss,nfs_acl,lockd
raid10 19595 0
raid456 47868 0
async_raid6_recov 1089 1 raid456
async_memcpy 742 1 raid456
async_pq 1668 1 raid456
raid6_pq 79735 2 async_raid6_recov,async_pq
async_xor 1177 2 raid456,async_pq
xor 1457 1 async_xor
async_tx 1313 5 raid456,async_raid6_recov,async_memcpy,async_pq,async_xor
raid1 18059 0
raid0 7299 0
md_mod 90307 4 raid10,raid456,raid1,raid0
dm_snapshot 26983 0
dm_mirror 11858 0
dm_region_hash 6603 1 dm_mirror
dm_log 8608 2 dm_mirror,dm_region_hash
dm_mod 53623 3 dm_snapshot,dm_mirror,dm_log
scsi_wait_scan 639 0
usbhid 24110 0
ohci_hcd 18182 0
uhci_hcd 20436 0
usb_storage 34263 0
usb_libusual 10198 1 usb_storage
ehci_hcd 33582 0
usbcore 113453 7 usbhid,ohci_hcd,uhci_hcd,usb_storage,usb_libusual,ehci_hcd
qla2xxx 309107 0
aic7xxx 113093 0
ahci 11399 0
libahci 18733 1 ahci
sata_sx4 9134 0
sata_via 8000 0
sata_sil24 12105 0
sata_sil 6986 0
sata_promise 10949 0

livecd ~ # dmesg
PROMLIB: Sun IEEE Boot Prom 'OBP 3.31.0 2001/07/25 20:36'
PROMLIB: Root node compatible:
Linux version 2.6.37-gentoo-r4 (root@bender) (gcc version 4.4.4 (Gentoo 4.4.4 p1.0) ) #1 SMP Mon May 9 20:27:44 UTC 2011
bootconsole [btext0] enabled
ARCH: SUN4U
Ethernet address: 08:00:20:c3:04:18
Kernel: Using 2 locked TLB entries for main kernel image.
Remapping the kernel... done.
OF stdout device is: /pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/SUNW,m64B@2
PROM: Built device tree with 42321 bytes of memory.
Top of RAM: 0x2ff42000, Total RAM: 0x1ff32000
Memory hole size: 256MB
[0000010000000000-fffff80000400000] page_structs=131072 node=0 entry=0/8192
[0000010000000000-fffff80000800000] page_structs=131072 node=0 entry=1/8192
Zone PFN ranges:
Normal 0x00000000 -> 0x00017fa1
Movable zone start PFN for each node
early_node_map[4] active PFN ranges
0: 0x00000000 -> 0x00008000
0: 0x00010000 -> 0x00017f7f
0: 0x00017f80 -> 0x00017f92
0: 0x00017f99 -> 0x00017fa1
On node 0 totalpages: 65433
Normal zone: 768 pages used for memmap
Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
Normal zone: 64665 pages, LIFO batch:15
Booting Linux...
PERCPU: Embedded 6 pages/cpu @fffff80000c00000 s14400 r8192 d26560 u4194304
pcpu-alloc: s14400 r8192 d26560 u4194304 alloc=1*4194304
pcpu-alloc: [0] 0
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 64665
Kernel command line: root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=squashfs loop=/image.squashfs cdroot
PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 16384 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 524288 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 262144 bytes)
Memory: 506312k available (3488k kernel code, 1304k data, 224k init) [fffff80000000000,000000002ff42000]
Hierarchical RCU implementation.
RCU-based detection of stalled CPUs is disabled.
NR_IRQS:255
clocksource: mult[91745d17] shift[30]
clockevent: mult[70a3d70a] shift[32]
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
console [tty0] enabled, bootconsole disabled
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 886.11 BogoMIPS (lpj=443059)
pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
Brought up 1 CPUs
NET: Registered protocol family 16
/pci@1f,0: PCI IO[1fe02000000] MEM[1ff00000000]
/pci@1f,0: SABRE PCI Bus Module ver[0:0]
PCI: Scanning PBM /pci@1f,0
bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:01:02.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=none,locks=none
vgaarb: loaded
SCSI subsystem initialized
libata version 3.00 loaded.
/pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ebus@1/eeprom@14,0: Mostek regs at 0x1fff1000000
AUXIO: Found device at /pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ebus@1/auxio@14,726000
Switching to clocksource tick
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 32768 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 262144 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 262144 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384)
TCP reno registered
UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
NET: Registered protocol family 1
PCI: CLS 64 bytes, default 64
Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
Freeing initrd memory: 2267k freed
power: Control reg at 1fff1724000
HugeTLB registered 4 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
msgmni has been set to 993
Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 253)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
atyfb: 3D RAGE PRO (Mach64 GP, PQFP, PCI) [0x4750 rev 0x7c]
atyfb: 4M SGRAM (1:1), 14.31818 MHz XTAL, 230 MHz PLL, 100 Mhz MCLK, 100 MHz XCLK
fbcon: ATY Mach64 (fb0) is primary device
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 128x48
atyfb: fb0: ATY Mach64 frame buffer device on PCI
/pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ebus@1/su@14,3083f8: Keyboard port at 1fff13083f8, irq 6
/pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ebus@1/su@14,3062f8: Mouse port at 1fff13062f8, irq 7
f0061c64: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x1fff1400000 (irq = 5) is a SAB82532 V3.2
f0061c64: ttyS1 at MMIO 0x1fff1400040 (irq = 5) is a SAB82532 V3.2
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver
cmd64x 0000:01:03.0: IDE controller (0x1095:0x0646 rev 0x03)
cmd64x 0000:01:03.0: 100% native mode on irq 14
ide0: BM-DMA at 0x1fe02c00020-0x1fe02c00027
ide1: BM-DMA at 0x1fe02c00028-0x1fe02c0002f
Probing IDE interface ide0...
hda: Maxtor 6Y160P0, ATA DISK drive
hda: host max PIO5 wanted PIO255(auto-tune) selected PIO4
hda: MWDMA2 mode selected
Probing IDE interface ide1...
hdc: JLMS DVD-ROM LTD-166S, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
hdc: host max PIO5 wanted PIO255(auto-tune) selected PIO4
hdc: MWDMA2 mode selected
ide0 at 0x1fe02c00000-0x1fe02c00007,0x1fe02c0000a on irq 14 (serialized)
ide1 at 0x1fe02c00010-0x1fe02c00017,0x1fe02c0001a on irq 14 (serialized)
ide-gd driver 1.18
hda: max request size: 512KiB
hda: Host Protected Area detected.
current capacity is 320171008 sectors (163927 MB)
native capacity is 320173056 sectors (163928 MB)
hda: 320171008 sectors (163927 MB) w/7936KiB Cache, CHS=19929/255/63
hda: cache flushes supported
hda: hda1 hda2
ide-cd driver 5.00
ide-cd: hdc: ATAPI 48X DVD-ROM drive, 512kB Cache
cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20
megasas: 00.00.04.31-rc1 Mon. May 3, 11:41:51 PST 2010
Fusion MPT base driver 3.04.17
Copyright (c) 1999-2008 LSI Corporation
Fusion MPT SPI Host driver 3.04.17
Fusion MPT FC Host driver 3.04.17
Fusion MPT SAS Host driver 3.04.17
Fusion MPT misc device (ioctl) driver 3.04.17
mptctl: Registered with Fusion MPT base driver
mptctl: /dev/mptctl @ (major,minor=10,220)
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
rtc-m48t59 rtc-m48t59.0: rtc core: registered m48t59 as rtc0
NET: Registered protocol family 17
Registering the dns_resolver key type
rtc-m48t59 rtc-m48t59.0: setting system clock to 2013-08-11 18:35:03 UTC (1376246103)
input: Sun Type 5 keyboard as /devices/root/f005f9c0/f00601b4/f0061504/f0063594/serio0/input/input0
input: Sun Mouse as /devices/root/f005f9c0/f00601b4/f0061504/f0064df4/serio1/input/input1
QLogic Fibre Channel HBA Driver: 8.03.05-k0
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual
Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
USB Mass Storage support registered.
uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
usbhid: USB HID core driver
device-mapper: ioctl: 4.18.0-ioctl (2010-06-29) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
md: raid0 personality registered for level 0
md: raid1 personality registered for level 1
xor: automatically using best checksumming function: VIS
VIS : 152.000 MB/sec
xor: using function: VIS (152.000 MB/sec)
raid6: int64x1 156 MB/s
raid6: int64x2 210 MB/s
raid6: int64x4 175 MB/s
raid6: int64x8 109 MB/s
raid6: using algorithm int64x2 (210 MB/s)
md: raid6 personality registered for level 6
md: raid5 personality registered for level 5
md: raid4 personality registered for level 4
md: raid10 personality registered for level 10
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
fuse init (API version 7.15)
e1000: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - version 7.3.21-k8-NAPI
e1000: Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation.
EXT3-fs (hda1): error: couldn't mount because of unsupported optional features (240)
EXT2-fs (hda1): error: couldn't mount because of unsupported optional features (240)
EXT4-fs (hda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
ISO 9660 Extensions: Microsoft Joliet Level 3
ISO 9660 Extensions: RRIP_1991A
udev: starting version 151
udevd (5742): /proc/5742/oom_adj is deprecated, please use /proc/5742/oom_score_adj instead.
warning: process `hwsetup' used the deprecated sysctl system call with 1.23.
PCI: Enabling device: (0000:01:01.1), cmd 2
sunhme.c:v3.10 August 26, 2008 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
eth0: HAPPY MEAL (PCI/CheerIO) 10/100BaseT Ethernet 08:00:20:c3:04:18
Kernel unaligned access at TPC[62e950] ide_devset_execute+0x74/0xa0
Kernel unaligned access at TPC[62e8b0] ide_do_devset+0x14/0x40
hda: MWDMA2 mode selected
Kernel unaligned access at TPC[62e950] ide_devset_execute+0x74/0xa0
Kernel unaligned access at TPC[62e8b0] ide_do_devset+0x14/0x40
hdc: MWDMA2 mode selected
eth0: Link is up using internal transceiver at 100Mb/s, Full Duplex.
NET: Registered protocol family 10
lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions
eth0: no IPv6 routers present

[NeddySeagoon]

splash_wave,

[splash_wave]

[splash_wave]

Oh and I built my kernel by hand and built an Initramfs using this guide http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-sparc.xml?part=1&chap=7 and then

[NeddySeagoon]

splash_wave,

No initrd is required provided that all the things needed to mount root are included in the kernel as <*>, since <M> puts the code into /lib/modules, thus no modules can be loaded until root is mounted.
You need Sun disklable support, so the kernel can read your partition table. MSDOS Partition table Support may be useful later for USB flash.
Either the Depreciated IDE drivers, both the HDD option and the CMD / Silicon Image 680 PATA support chipset option, or the SCSI/SATA equivelents but not both.
Two drivers for the same hardware always ends in tears.

The former will provide your HDD as /dev/hda. The latter at /dev/sda either should allow the kernel to find root.

You will need DEVTMPFS and DEVTPFSMOUNT at boot and TMPFS. Without TMPFS, udev will not start.
You also need the EXT4 filesystem built in - I think dmesg showed you were using EXT4.

Thats pretty much it for must haves.

Oh! ... when you partitioned your HDD, you did use a Sun Disklable didn't you ... with partition 3 as the entire HDD ?
If you go the hda route booting will not complete but root should be mounted, if you the go the sda route and get everything right, it should just work.

CDROM and network support is useful but need not be <*> as its not needed for mounting root.
_________________
Regards,

NeddySeagoon

Computer users fall into two groups:-
those that do backups
those that have never had a hard drive fail.

[splash_wave]

I created a Sun disk label when I partitioned. Why won't it finish booting if I go the hda route?

[NeddySeagoon]

splash_wave,

When rootfscheck runs it looks into /etc/fstab to find out where root is and what the filesystem type is.

There it will find ext4 and /dev/hdaX, so it will try to run the check on /dev/hdaX, which isn't there, because udev didn't make it.
The check will fail and root will stay mounted read only.

You should get a message along the lines ... press Ctrl-D to continue or give the root password for maintanance.
Ctrl-D does a shutdown and restart The root password logs you in single user mode with no services running and a read only root.

You can continue with the hda route to see if you can get root to mount but its only a debug aid. To get a working system you have to use the new SATA driver for the IDE interface.

If you want, I can dig out my working U10 kernel config from several years ago and host it for you.
I can even host the entire kernel so you only need run make modules_install and copy the kernel binary to /boot. Thats much bigger and may not work today, depending on what has happened to userland meanwhile.
_________________
Regards,

NeddySeagoon

Computer users fall into two groups:-
those that do backups
those that have never had a hard drive fail.

[splash_wave]

Does the new SATA driver have an option in the ncurses kernel menu for the CMD / Silicon Image PATA 680?

[NeddySeagoon]

splash_wave,

Yes.

[splash_wave]

and then the SCSI subsystem translates it to sda?

[NeddySeagoon]

splash_wave,

Thats right. If you want the history lesson IDE was derived from SCSI by removing all the things that Compaq thought PC users would not need.
From that time on, vendors have added back various parts in vendor specific ways, so its become a mess.

Round about kernel 2.6.26 IDE was reunited with the SCSI subsystem. At about 2.6.3x udev dropped /dev/hdX support for the old IDE device names.
Its not a kernel related thing - it was a udev decision at around the same time as that kernel was released.
_________________
Regards,

NeddySeagoon

Computer users fall into two groups:-
those that do backups
those that have never had a hard drive fail.

[splash_wave]

Okay, I get it. If the same problem happens even after I enable the CMD / Silicon Image 680 PATA support, then what else can I do?

[imaginasys]

Hello,

I'm absolutly no expert with Sun, but did you set support for your ext3 FS (or ext4) in the kernel ?

This exactly the message I get when the kernel wants to load a file but is unable to read it because it doesn't have the module loaded or compiled in place.

Just my 0,02$,

Bernard

PS: I have this in my kernel .config :

CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
CONFIG_EXT4_USE_FOR_EXT23=y

But if you use ext3 only set : CONFIG_EXT3_FS=y

[NeddySeagoon]

splash_wave,

The numbers in unknown-block (x,y) tell a great deal.
(0,0) means the kernel cannot even see the hard drive. The favourite cause is the low level chip set driver not selected or selected as a module.
Rarer is SCSI Disk Support missing. Rarer still is the partition table code not compiled.

(1,0) means the kernel cannot mount your initramfs. You should not see this unless you have not changed SILO to not use an initramfs.
Trying to use an initramfs when you don't have one is an error, even if you don't need one.

(2,0) at face value, means the kernel could not read your first floppy drive.
It means more than this, since after the kernel loads, it will try every device it can read with every filesystem it knows to mount root.
The floppy drive is the last in the list of devices tried. However, the kernel will print a list of the block devices it can see before the panic.

(8,x) where x <=15 means the kernel found your hard drive /dev/sda but could not read from partition x. Either partition x is not your root partition, it maybe swap, or the filesystem the read from (8,x) is not included in the kernel.

The last SPARC kernel I have is 2.6.32-gentoo-r5 from Feb 2010
_________________
Regards,

NeddySeagoon

Computer users fall into two groups:-
those that do backups
those that have never had a hard drive fail.

[imaginasys]

[NeddySeagoon]

imaginasys,

The numbers (x,y) are the kernel major,minor device numbers. They are listed in /usr/src/linux/Documentation/devices.txt
_________________
Regards,

NeddySeagoon

Computer users fall into two groups:-
those that do backups
those that have never had a hard drive fail.

[666threesixes666]

i gave a stab at a manual compile. took forever and a half. took a stab at grub9999 though it did not survive make. ext4 in, everything lsmod loaded in, tmpfs in... forgot to run "silo" if it is the same behavior of lilo....

other ideas. search for more recent sparc boot media. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SILO_%28boot_loader%29 silo wiki does not note ext4 support. syslinux...

(debian finds)
ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/debian-cd/7.1.0/sparc/iso-cd/

http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/sparc/iso-cd/

im spent, your system is interesting splash_wave.... tough to evade problems with. i know it can work one way or another since boot media boots a sane system.