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The_Great_Sephiroth
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 Posted: Fri Jun 23, 2017 4:38 pm Post subject: Strange issue, possibly GRUB? |
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I am attempting to install Gentoo onto a PowerEdge T20 system to act as a small business server with AD, DHCP, DNS, file-sharing (Samba/NFS), and possibly more. However, after completing the live CD phase, I cannot boot into the system I have double and triple-checked the fstab file and the UUIDs and such are correct. However, after GRUB says "Booting Linux 4.6.19..." It says "unknown command /dev/sdb2". Never seen this before. The system is BTRFS and /dev/sda2 AND /dev/sdb2 are the RAID1 partitions, specified in the fstab file via UUID, but I believe grub-mkconfig must be doing something wrong to get this error.
Video of the boot process
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Telemin
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| Posted: Fri Jun 23, 2017 10:12 pm Post subject: |
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That's... quite special.
Can you post the offending grub.cfg?
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eccerr0r
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| Posted: Fri Jun 23, 2017 10:35 pm Post subject: |
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Likely grub-mkconfig got confused and did not know how to set up a btrfs config - enough so that it causes a grub.cfg syntax error.
It probably then booted into the fallback that does not set up root properly - basically completely ignoring it - because the first boot failed.
Now my problem: I don't know what I'm talking about because I've never set up a btrfs-raid system, but from what I've read, an initramfs is needed. Likely grub-mkconfig screwed up setting up the initramfs root -- it always screws up my initramfs root. It "works" but is NOT optimal, I end up having to hand fix the grub.cfg.
Yes that grub.cfg is the hint to figure out how to get grub-mkconfig generate it right, or you have to edit it manually...
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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| Posted: Mon Jun 26, 2017 2:56 pm Post subject: |
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I will try to post captures of the configuration file in a bit. BTRFS has nothing to do with it. I build all local hardware into my kernels and use BTRFS and it has worked on every system up to this one. I have it on this laptop in fact, and it works fine. So no initramfs, and BTRFS has worked on RAID1 before, so I doubt that is the issue.
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eccerr0r
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| Posted: Mon Jun 26, 2017 3:06 pm Post subject: |
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There's a difference between getting btrfs working and getting btrfs automatically working with grub-mkconfig.
We all know grub-mkconfig is an abomination and likely there's some special case in the code that deals with btrfs RAID that it probably screwed up.
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mrbassie
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| Posted: Mon Jun 26, 2017 3:13 pm Post subject: Re: Strange issue, possibly GRUB? |
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| The_Great_Sephiroth wrote: | | ...to act as a small business server with AD... |
I'm assuming this means active directory and you'll be serving windows clients. If so, is there any chance you could open a thread letting us know how it goes after you get your grub problem fixed? |
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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| Posted: Mon Jun 26, 2017 4:45 pm Post subject: |
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Mrbassie, I have numerous clients all over Fayetteville, NC and surrounding areas that have been using Samba4 for years to save them the costs of Windows Server and has worked quite well, spare a few hiccups here and there after upgrades. It is ALMOST all we deploy for AD now. If you have questions feel free to PM me.
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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| Posted: Mon Jun 26, 2017 6:15 pm Post subject: |
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I took a picture of what I believe the issue to be.
Grub configuration
The thing is, sda and sdb are in a RAID1 mirror. You have /dev/sdX2 as BTRFS with the following subvolumes.
- @root
- @boot
- @source
- @home
They are mounted via fstab with @root being /, @boot being /boot, @source being /usr/src, and @home being /home. The GRUB entry does not look correct, but I am NOT familiar with GRUB configuration files.
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eccerr0r
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| Posted: Mon Jun 26, 2017 8:23 pm Post subject: |
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Yeah grub-mkconfig royally fscked up, typical. It never gets labeled partitions right. How do you normally specify a btrfs raid1 as root on a kernel command line? Did you do any manual setup files for grub?
You could just manually type that in right there and get rid of that extraneous line, and then "delete" grub-mkconfig (i.e., never use it again)... That would be a start, then would be a stepping board to get mkconfig to do it correctly..
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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| Posted: Tue Jun 27, 2017 1:29 pm Post subject: |
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I figured that line was my issue. I saw sda referenced above it and then that line, which wasn't indented or anything. I knew something was up. Is it possible to use UUID there instead of sda/sdb?
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eccerr0r
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| Posted: Tue Jun 27, 2017 3:02 pm Post subject: |
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If things haven't changed, UUID is an initramfs construct; only PARTUUID can be taken directly by kernels.
That's why I was a bit confused - a RAID1, supposedly the two disks match minus perhaps metadata - somehow the RAID needs to be assembled first and then mounted. This is where I don't know how btrfs needs to assemble the RAID first before mounting root.
Again this is beyond me as I have never set up a native RAID1 btrfs system so I don't know how to specify root=XXX for such system. All the references I've found online requires initramfs to do this work - which is similar to the hoop jumping needed to get root on ext3 over lvm over mdraid which is my setup. The initramfs will also deal with the UUID= aspect as it can work with that too.
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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| Posted: Tue Jun 27, 2017 10:31 pm Post subject: |
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I figured it out, I think. When grub-mkconfig queried the UUID for the root filesystem it returned TWO lines, one for /dev/sda and one for /dev/sdb. All devices in a mirror in BTRFS have the same UUID, hence it getting two lines back. This is apparently NOT handled, so it simply plopped both lines into the configuration file. Removing the line break and one of the two devices should fix the issue. The thing is, grub-mkconfig should handle receiving more than one device back, even if it simply fails.
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eccerr0r
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| Posted: Wed Jun 28, 2017 7:03 pm Post subject: |
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I might have to try out btrfs...though I wish raid5 is an option but it seems unsafe at the moment.
My current stacking of ext3 -> lvm -> mdraid5 seems like a disaster waiting to happen, though it hasn't yet (in fact, I've been able to recover from disk failures just fine.)
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Telemin
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| Posted: Thu Jun 29, 2017 9:50 am Post subject: |
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| eccerr0r wrote: | | I might have to try out btrfs... |
Beware of the raid performance issues too. The scrubbing is certainly an advantage but my experience with multi device raid is that performance suffers massively. This seems to be due to the fact that all of the raid is done above the block layer and so the scheduler is not able to make intelligent decisions. I'm not sure why I found it so bad, but in a 14TB btrfs raid 0 system I was seeing multiple second write latencies.
The switch to lvm2 raid + 'plain' btrfs has restored performance to close to the theoretical maximum the hardware can deliver.
If you really need the scrubbing consider zfs, it has the same theoretical problems as btfrs raid but has also implemented the necessary solutions.
Edit: I can also recommend lvm2 over mdraid, it removes a component and I find it very stable and reliable both for sw raid and for thin provisioning of VM snapshots.
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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| Posted: Thu Jun 29, 2017 2:00 pm Post subject: |
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Check your hardware. I have BTRFS RAID in place in many areas including my home and it works fine. Granted, our most complicated setup is a four-disk RAID10 (like at home) but it is on par with other RAID solutions in that configuration. If you have ten disks or if they are mixed sizes, I don't know. I just know that ZFS is a memory hog and lacks the features BTRFS has. I do agree with you on RAID5/6 support though. It has been a long time coming!
Now, new problem! Correcting GRUB as above gets me right into the boot, and a kernel panic.
Photo of the panic
BTRFS support is built into the kernel, same as on this laptop. Not sure why it is losing its mind. This is working on far weaker, home-brew servers. Maybe it has something to do with the more advanced hardware in the PowerEdge, but I just don't understand it. Below is the GRUB configuration file, obtained via SSH session to System Rescue CD, which is what I used to install Gentoo.
| Code: |
root@sysresccd /root % cat /mnt/gentoo/boot/grub/grub.cfg
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
load_env
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
else
set default="0"
fi
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_gpt
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd0,gpt2'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2 --hint-bios=hd1,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt2 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
fi
font="/@root/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
set timeout_style=menu
set timeout=5
# Fallback normal timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
# unavailable.
else
set timeout=5
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Gentoo GNU/Linux' --class gentoo --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934' {
load_video
if [ "x$grub_platform" = xefi ]; then
set gfxpayload=keep
fi
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd0,gpt2'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2 --hint-bios=hd1,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt2 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.9.16-gentoo ...'
linux /@boot/vmlinuz-4.9.16-gentoo root=/dev/sda2 ro rootflags=subvol=@root
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Gentoo GNU/Linux' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934' {
menuentry 'Gentoo GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.9.16-gentoo' --class gentoo --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.9.16-gentoo-advanced-13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934' {
load_video
if [ "x$grub_platform" = xefi ]; then
set gfxpayload=keep
fi
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd0,gpt2'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2 --hint-bios=hd1,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt2 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.9.16-gentoo ...'
linux /@boot/vmlinuz-4.9.16-gentoo root=/dev/sda2 ro rootflags=subvol=@root
}
menuentry 'Gentoo GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.9.16-gentoo (recovery mode)' --class gentoo --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.9.16-gentoo-recovery-13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934' {
load_video
if [ "x$grub_platform" = xefi ]; then
set gfxpayload=keep
fi
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd0,gpt2'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2 --hint-bios=hd1,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt2 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 13cf66b1-42e3-48ca-9f56-96ab1766f934
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.9.16-gentoo ...'
linux /@boot/vmlinuz-4.9.16-gentoo root=/dev/sda2 ro single rootflags=subvol=@root
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
|
Again, BTRFS support is compiled into the kernel. Not sure what the issue is.
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eccerr0r
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| Posted: Thu Jun 29, 2017 3:51 pm Post subject: |
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It can't find the root partition... So you have another raid1 setup that this works with, or this one is not raid?
Looks like probably disk drivers are missing or somehow pointing to wrong partition.
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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| Posted: Thu Jun 29, 2017 4:16 pm Post subject: |
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Figured it out. The in-kernel BTRFS support is behind. I made a minimalist initramfs and all is good. I will post the steps I did to achieve this shortly. I am in the OS now and all is good.
*UPDATE*
OK, I made /usr/src/initramfs and created the following files in the directory. The kernel BTRFS code cannot deal with multiple devices during boot, which is the whole problem. No idea why it cannot do this yet, so it means BTRFS single devices work fine but multiple devices require an initramfs, for now.
initramfs_list
| Code: |
dir /proc 755 0 0
dir /usr 755 0 0
dir /bin 755 0 0
dir /sys 755 0 0
dir /var 755 0 0
dir /lib64 755 0 0
dir /sbin 755 0 0
dir /mnt 755 0 0
dir /mnt/root 755 0 0
dir /mnt/boot 755 0 0
dir /etc 755 0 0
dir /root 700 0 0
dir /dev 755 0 0
file /bin/busybox /bin/busybox 755 0 0
file /sbin/fsck /sbin/fsck 755 0 0
file /lib64/libmount.so.1 /lib64/libmount.so.1 755 0 0
file /lib64/libblkid.so.1 /lib64/libblkid.so.1 755 0 0
file /lib64/libc.so.6 /lib64/libc.so.6 755 0 0
file /lib64/libuuid.so.1 /lib64/libuuid.so.1 755 0 0
file /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 755 0 0
file /sbin/fsck.ext3 /sbin/fsck.ext3 755 0 0
file /lib64/libext2fs.so.2 /lib64/libext2fs.so.2 755 0 0
file /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 755 0 0
file /lib64/libe2p.so.2 /lib64/libe2p.so.2 755 0 0
file /lib64/libpthread.so.0 /lib64/libpthread.so.0 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfs /sbin/btrfs 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfs-convert /sbin/btrfs-convert 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfs-debug-tree /sbin/btrfs-debug-tree 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfs-find-root /sbin/btrfs-find-root 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfs-image /sbin/btrfs-image 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfs-map-logical /sbin/btrfs-map-logical 755 0 0
#file /sbin/btrfs-show-super /sbin/btrfs-show-super 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfs-zero-log /sbin/btrfs-zero-log 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfsck /sbin/btrfsck 755 0 0
file /sbin/btrfstune /sbin/btrfstune 755 0 0
file /sbin/mkfs.btrfs /sbin/mkfs.btrfs 755 0 0
file /lib64/libz.so.1 /lib64/libz.so.1 755 0 0
file /lib64/liblzo2.so /usr/lib64/liblzo2.so 755 0 0
file /sbin/nano /usr/bin/nano 755 0 0
file /lib64/libncursesw.so.6 /lib64/libncursesw.so.6 755 0 0
file /lib64/libdl.so.2 /lib64/libdl.so.2 755 0 0
file /sbin/mknod /bin/mknod 755 0 0
file /sbin/more /bin/more 755 0 0
file /init /usr/src/initramfs/init 755 0 0
file /etc/fstab /usr/src/initramfs/fstab 644 0 0
|
init
| Code: |
#!/bin/busybox sh
rescue_shell() {
echo "$@"
echo "Something went wrong. Dropping you to a shell."
busybox --install -s
exec /bin/sh
}
mount_root() {
echo "scanning for btrfs filesystems.... will take about 5-10 seconds"
/sbin/btrfs device scan
echo "mounting /mnt/root"
mount /mnt/root
}
mount -t proc none /proc
mount -t sysfs none /sys
mount -t devtmpfs none /dev
echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/printk
clear
mount_root || rescue_shell "Error with uuidlabel_root"
echo "All done. Switching to real root."
umount /proc
umount /sys
umount /dev
exec switch_root /mnt/root /sbin/init
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fstab
| Code: |
/dev/sda2 /mnt/root btrfs device=/dev/sda2,device=/dev/sdb2,defaults,subvol=@root 0 0
/dev/sda2 /mnt/boot btrfs device=/dev/sda2,device=/dev/sdb2,defaults,subvol=@boot 0 0
/dev/sda2 /mnt/root/usr/src btrfs device=/dev/sda2,device=/dev/sdb2,defaults,subvol=@source 0 0
/dev/sda2 /mnt/root/home btrfs device=/dev/sda2,device=/dev/sdb2,defaults,subvol=@home 0 0
|
I then added the initramfs_list to my kernel config, rebuilt, all is good!
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eccerr0r
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| Posted: Thu Jun 29, 2017 4:54 pm Post subject: |
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The kernel has never been able to deal with multiple devices bound as a single for rootfs as far as I knew, from the start... And I have a feeling it will never be able to start without initramfs.
The only possible exception is mdraid 0.9 superblocks and even that had caveats. Plus this feature was removed in 1.2 superblocks assuming that initramfs was available to do this.
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Telemin
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| Posted: Fri Jun 30, 2017 1:39 pm Post subject: |
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| The_Great_Sephiroth wrote: | | Check your hardware. |
I did, everything checks out. It is an SAS controller with sata disks in a dell dual socket workstation, and with lvm2 and zfs I get basically full theoretical throughput, and btrfs thrashes and crawls. I don't fully understand it, because like you I have other 2 disk btrfs raid arrays that work great on commodity hardware, but moving to lvm2 the difference was night and day. I'd love to know why btrfs is so terrible on that hardware but I just don't the time to screw around debugging on a production machine.
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The_Great_Sephiroth
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Joined: 03 Oct 2014
Posts: 1602
Location: Fayetteville, NC, USA
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| Posted: Sat Jul 01, 2017 6:52 pm Post subject: |
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Might be due to that being professional hardware and BTRFS tries to do things the hardware already does, thus killing performance. I have not tried BTRFS on a SAS (Perc) controller yet. Maybe I should!
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Installing Gentoo
