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ONEEYEMAN
Advocate
Joined: 01 Mar 2005
Posts: 3674
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 Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 12:28 am Post subject: Mounting extrnal hard drive |
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Hi,
I am trying to mount an external harddrive.
Here is what I got:
| Code: |
IgorReinCloud igor # lsblk -o +fstype,label,uuid,partuuid
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT FSTYPE LABEL UUID PARTUUID
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 15G 0 part ntfs PQSERVICE 88362BC9362BB75A 35b8bd9b-01
├─sda2 8:2 0 100M 0 part ntfs SYSTEM RESERVED A4B82C84B82C56D8 35b8bd9b-02
├─sda3 8:3 0 206.5G 0 part ntfs Acer 243613FA3613CC24 35b8bd9b-03
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part 35b8bd9b-04
├─sda5 8:5 0 30M 0 part /boot ext2 127fb462-930a-437a-90e9-568ce46b9596 35b8bd9b-05
├─sda6 8:6 0 976.3M 0 part [SWAP] swap cdd43044-a75b-45f9-a538-229dd59dfe9b 35b8bd9b-06
└─sda7 8:7 0 243.2G 0 part / ext3 9b379094-003d-477e-a559-fbe871337e5b 35b8bd9b-07
sdc 8:32 0 931.5G 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 931.5G 0 part ntfs My Passport 76B4261DB425DFFB 95f88007-27ff-4424-929d-ce8331a6c665
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
IgorReinCloud igor # cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# noatime turns off atimes for increased performance (atimes normally aren't
# needed); notail increases performance of ReiserFS (at the expense of storage
# efficiency). It's safe to drop the noatime options if you want and to
# switch between notail / tail freely.
#
# The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
# All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
#
# See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
#
# <fs> <mountpoint> <type> <opts> <dump/pass>
# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
UUID=76B4261DB425DFFB /mnt/extern ntfs noauto,rw,user 0 0
/dev/sda5 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime,user_xattr 1 2
/dev/sda7 / ext3 noatime,user_xattr 0 1
/dev/sda6 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
#/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto 0 0
/dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,rw,user 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
#none /dev/shm devtmpfs defaults 0 0
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However, I am getting following:
| Code: |
IgorReinCloud igor # chmod 777 /mnt/extern/
chmod: changing permissions of '/mnt/extern/': Read-only file system
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As far as I understand I can create a writeable mountpoint for ntfs drives. So what is happenning? Or it can be done only after the reboot?
Thank you. |
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Logicien
Veteran
Joined: 16 Sep 2005
Posts: 1555
Location: Montréal
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 12:41 am Post subject: |
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To have read and write access to an Ntfs filesystem you need to use ntfs-3g. The ntfs module in the Linux kernel only give read access, write access is partial. You need to use the uid=value, gid=value and umask=value parameters to set the permissons in fstab.
Changing permissions with chmod and chown in the mount point directory does nothing. Have a look to the ntfs and ntfs-3g manual pages.
_________________
Paul |
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ONEEYEMAN
Advocate
Joined: 01 Mar 2005
Posts: 3674
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 1:22 am Post subject: |
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Logicien,
I installed ntfs-3g and tried again.
| Code: |
igor@IgorReinCloud ~/dbhandler $ mount /mnt/extern
Error opening '/dev/sdc1': Permission denied
Failed to mount '/dev/sdc1': Permission denied
Please check '/dev/sdc1' and the ntfs-3g binary permissions,
and the mounting user ID. More explanation is provided at
http://tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-faq/#unprivileged
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I didn't change anything in the fstab. And here is the /mnt directory:
| Code: |
igor@IgorReinCloud ~/dbhandler $ ls -la /mnt
total 36
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 May 12 21:55 .
drwxr-xr-x 29 root root 4096 Mar 16 01:48 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 16 2017 cdrom
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Jul 9 2011 extern
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 25 2011 .keep
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 12 21:55 mac
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Jun 22 2011 phone
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 May 27 2014 samba
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2011 usb
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 20 2011 win7
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And I did turn off external-fuse, as it is required for an unprivileged user mounting.
What am I doing wrong?
[EDIT]
I just trried what's suggested on the this page, section "Why can’t unprivileged users mount block devices?"
| Code: |
chown root $(which ntfs-3g)
chmod 4755 $(which ntfs-3g)
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but still got the same errors.
[/EDIT] |
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krinn
Watchman
Joined: 02 May 2003
Posts: 7470
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 7:00 am Post subject: |
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| ONEEYEMAN wrote: | | I didn't change anything in the fstab. And here is the /mnt directory: |
ntfs type is the kernel handling, ntfs-3g is the type for ntfs-3g, so if you don't swap ntfs fs type to ntfs-3g, kernel driver will still be use.
here's howto do what you want:
| Code: | | mount -t ntfs-3g -o uid=1000,gid=1000 /dev/diskpath /pathofyourmount |
which is translate into fstab as
| Code: | | /dev/diskpath /pathofyourmount ntfs-3g uid=1000,gid=100 0 0 |
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ONEEYEMAN
Advocate
Joined: 01 Mar 2005
Posts: 3674
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 12:45 pm Post subject: |
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krinn,
I am trying to mount it as a regular user. I think I can still do it and get a write access to the drive.
After swapping the FS in the /etc/fstab, I still receive the same errors.
Thank you. |
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khayyam
Watchman
Joined: 07 Jun 2012
Posts: 6227
Location: Room 101
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 1:50 pm Post subject: |
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| ONEEYEMAN wrote: | | I am trying to mount it as a regular user. I think I can still do it and get a write access to the drive. After swapping the FS in the /etc/fstab, I still receive the same errors. |
ONEEYEMAN ... to mount as user then ntfs-3g has to be setuid-root, so set USE="suid" on sys-fs/ntfs3g and re-merge. Then you want 'users' in 'opts' ...
| /etc/fstab: | | /dev/sdc1 /mnt/dir ntfs-3g noauto,users,uid=1000,gid=100 0 0 |
HTH & best ... khay |
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krinn
Watchman
Joined: 02 May 2003
Posts: 7470
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 4:47 pm Post subject: |
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| ONEEYEMAN wrote: | I am trying to mount it as a regular user. I think I can still do it and get a write access to the drive.
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you get write rights on it because all actions will be as per the options set for uid/gid ; on gentoo normally uid=1000 is the first user, and gid=100 the first group (users group)
you can get the needed uid/gid for your user with id youruser if they are not "classic"
if you want a user to have ability to mount/unmount the drive, then you need to set user in the options user,uid=1000,gid=100
but you seems to assume user ability to mount a drive would grant him writes on it ; which is false. |
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ONEEYEMAN
Advocate
Joined: 01 Mar 2005
Posts: 3674
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 11:05 pm Post subject: |
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| khayyam wrote: |
| ONEEYEMAN wrote: |
I am trying to mount it as a regular user. I think I can still do it and get a write access to the drive. After swapping the FS in the /etc/fstab, I still receive the same errors.
|
ONEEYEMAN ... to mount as user then ntfs-3g has to be setuid-root, so set USE="suid" on sys-fs/ntfs3g and re-merge. Then you want 'users' in 'opts' ...
| /etc/fstab: | | /dev/sdc1 /mnt/dir ntfs-3g noauto,users,uid=1000,gid=100 0 0 |
HTH & best ... khay
|
Added the USE flag and re-emerged.
Then fixed the line in the /etc/fstab:
| Code: |
igor@IgorReinCloud ~ $ cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# noatime turns off atimes for increased performance (atimes normally aren't
# needed); notail increases performance of ReiserFS (at the expense of storage
# efficiency). It's safe to drop the noatime options if you want and to
# switch between notail / tail freely.
#
# The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
# All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
#
# See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
#
# <fs> <mountpoint> <type> <opts> <dump/pass>
# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
UUID=76B4261DB425DFFB /mnt/extern ntfs-3g noauto,rw,users,uid=1000,gid=100 0 0
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Still:
| Code: |
igor@IgorReinCloud ~ $ mount /mnt/extern
Error opening '/dev/sdb1': Permission denied
Failed to mount '/dev/sdb1': Permission denied
Please check '/dev/sdb1' and the ntfs-3g binary permissions,
and the mounting user ID. More explanation is provided at
http://tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-faq/#unprivileged
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| Code: |
[37477.710264] usb 1-1: USB disconnect, device number 2
[37484.410870] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci-pci
[37484.607984] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=1058, idProduct=25e1
[37484.607995] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[37484.608000] usb 1-1: Product: My Passport 25E1
[37484.608004] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: Western Digital
[37484.608008] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 575847314139363754344559
[37484.608581] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[37484.610639] scsi host4: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[37485.611486] scsi 4:0:0:0: Direct-Access WD My Passport 25E1 1015 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[37485.613463] sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[37485.617897] scsi 4:0:0:1: Enclosure WD SES Device 1015 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[37485.621391] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Spinning up disk...
[37485.626393] scsi 4:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 13
igor@IgorReinCloud ~ $ mount /mnt/extern
Error opening '/dev/sdb1': Permission denied
Failed to mount '/dev/sdb1': Permission denied
Please check '/dev/sdb1' and the ntfs-3g binary permissions,
and the mounting user ID. More explanation is provided at
http://tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-faq/#unprivileged
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The drive should be /dev/sdc1 and not /dev/sdb1. |
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ONEEYEMAN
Advocate
Joined: 01 Mar 2005
Posts: 3674
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| Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2018 11:11 pm Post subject: |
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| krinn wrote: |
| ONEEYEMAN wrote: |
I am trying to mount it as a regular user. I think I can still do it and get a write access to the drive.
|
you get write rights on it because all actions will be as per the options set for uid/gid ; on gentoo normally uid=1000 is the first user, and gid=100 the first group (users group)
you can get the needed uid/gid for your user with id youruser if they are not "classic"
if you want a user to have ability to mount/unmount the drive, then you need to set user in the options user,uid=1000,gid=100
but you seems to assume user ability to mount a drive would grant him writes on it ; which is false.
|
I understand that mounting and writing are 2 different operations. But I should be able to mount the drive as a regular user, correct?
I can mount as "root", but just trying to save on typing. Because I will need to mount the drive as root and then exit the root terminal.
Thank you. |
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apiaio
Guru
Joined: 04 Dec 2008
Posts: 426
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| Posted: Tue Aug 14, 2018 7:33 am Post subject: |
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| Code: | $ cat /etc/udev/rules.d/40-usbkey.rules
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", RUN+="/bin/mount /dev/%k"
ACTION=="remove", KERNEL=="sdc*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", RUN+="/bin/umount /dev/%k" |
and
in fstab
| Code: | | /dev/sdc1 /media ntfs-3g defaults,noauto,sync,users,gid=15,umask=0002 0 0 |
That is the way how to outomount external hard disk. |
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P.Kosunen
Guru
Joined: 21 Nov 2005
Posts: 309
Location: Finland
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| Posted: Tue Aug 14, 2018 10:48 am Post subject: |
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Edit: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Mount
/etc/fstab options can allow user(s) to mount.
Last edited by P.Kosunen on Tue Aug 14, 2018 1:39 pm; edited 1 time in total |
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ONEEYEMAN
Advocate
Joined: 01 Mar 2005
Posts: 3674
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| Posted: Tue Aug 14, 2018 12:50 pm Post subject: |
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Hi,
| apiaio wrote: |
| Code: |
$ cat /etc/udev/rules.d/40-usbkey.rules
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", RUN+="/bin/mount /dev/%k"
ACTION=="remove", KERNEL=="sdc*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", RUN+="/bin/umount /dev/%k"
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Can I do that by label or UUID?
| apiaio wrote: |
and
in fstab
| Code: |
/dev/sdc1 /media ntfs-3g defaults,noauto,sync,users,gid=15,umask=0002 0 0
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That is the way how to outomount external hard disk.
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Thank you, |
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apiaio
Guru
Joined: 04 Dec 2008
Posts: 426
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| Posted: Tue Aug 14, 2018 3:00 pm Post subject: |
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| ONEEYEMAN wrote: | Hi,
Can I do that by label or UUID?
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You can use UUID in fstab.
| Code: | | UUID=76B4261DB425DFFB /mnt/extern ntfs-3g defaults,noauto,users,gid=15,umask=0002 0 0 |
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ONEEYEMAN
Advocate
Joined: 01 Mar 2005
Posts: 3674
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| Posted: Tue Aug 14, 2018 3:18 pm Post subject: |
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Hi,
So udev rules has to be written with the exact device?
But then - what would be the way for this scenario:
2 disks are connected to the machine with the usb, but only one is preferred to be mounted by the user.
Lets say they are a hard drive and a thumb drive.
The hard drive can be mounted by the user and then can be worked on from the OS/GUI. (I'm planning to put a VMs on this drive and already hae VirtualBox installed).
A thumb drive can be mounted by the root only and is used to transfer some files - just copying to/from (this can be done from the Terminal).
How do I manage this? Connect one and then the other always?
I'm just trying to understand and learn the best option to manage it?
Thank you. |
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apiaio
Guru
Joined: 04 Dec 2008
Posts: 426
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| Posted: Tue Aug 14, 2018 3:36 pm Post subject: |
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Udev rules has to be written with the device, which is populated during plugin in /dev.
You have to modify KERNEL=="sdc*" option.
Disk which will be mounted by user has to be enabled in /etc/fstab with the options listed above.
You can modify options. I think, that if you omit "users", hard drive wont be mounted.
This I have in my /etc/fstab
| Code: | UUID=F474B7AA74B76DCC /media/ext-hd ntfs-3g defaults,noauto,users,gid=15,umask=0002 0 0
UUID=F012-DC91 /media/ext-flash vfat defaults,noauto,users,gid=15,umask=0002 0 0
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