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Bitruder
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 04 Jun 2004
Posts: 120
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 Posted: Tue Dec 21, 2004 3:38 pm Post subject: How to make some disk space? |
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When I first installed Gentoo last year, I only left 9GB for my root partition (sans /boot). I'm starting to think this was a bad idea as I'm now down to the following:
| Code: | $ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda3 8.8G 8.1G 734M 92% /
/dev/hda4 47G 33G 14G 71% /home
none 442M 0 442M 0% /dev/shm |
Are there any common hints fro clearing up some disk space? I've cleaned out /tmp and /usr/tmp but other than that, I'm not really sure where to go looking for unneeded things just taking up space. Any advice? |
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hensan
l33t
Joined: 26 Jun 2003
Posts: 868
Location: Sweden
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| Posted: Tue Dec 21, 2004 3:47 pm Post subject: |
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You can clear out /usr/portage/distfiles and /var/tmp/portage.
You can also try a emerge -p depclean to see if you have any unneeded packages installed. |
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blackhorse
Apprentice
Joined: 11 Jul 2004
Posts: 225
Location: edge of a forest
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| Posted: Tue Dec 21, 2004 3:59 pm Post subject: |
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Go through your /usr/portage/distfiles by doing this:
| Code: | | ls /usr/portage/distfiles | less |
and then in another window rm all multiple versions of the things. Or, you could just delete the whole thing because it will not do anything to your system except that you will have to download everything again when you emerge. Another thing you could do if you have music on your disk is to change them from .wav files to .ogg files. Trust me, it saves a lot of room. The command for that is | Code: | | oggenc <the file you want ogged> |
If it does not know the command you need to emerge vorbis-tools. Another, more drastic aproach is to switch from kde or gnome to fvwm or something light like that. Kde was taking up 5% of my disk.
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Rejoice in the Lord always and again I say rejoice. |
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Karl_R
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 21 Mar 2004
Posts: 118
Location: Sydney
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| Posted: Tue Dec 21, 2004 4:50 pm Post subject: shift some stuff |
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Hi, Iknow how you feel ( but my disk isn't as big as yours you lucky thing)
Anyway, 9G for root? I make do with 1.2G. basically I shifted /usr/portage out of root (as this is where portage and all of those lovley fat packages go)
Since you seem to have loads of room in /home I'd sugesst that you move it to there.
OK here's what to do:
emerge the automounter so that requests to /usr/portage get magically redirected to /home/usr/portage for instance.
Then copy (using tar) all of the stuff in /usr/portage to /home/usr/portage
restart the automounter and cd to /usr/portage to test that you are actually in /home/usr/portage (may be easier and a better test to reboot?)
If all is good rename /usr/portage to /usr/portage_moved and test again.
happy with all the testing? then delete /usr/portage_moved
eg.
| Code: | emerge -auD autofs
rc-update add autofs default |
check the man page for autofs and auto.master (the file that tells it what to do)
edit the file /etc/auto.master to include a line like:-
| Code: | # special mount point defined by direct map file
/- auto.direct |
this basically tells it to look in another file called auto.direct for more maps, in this case direct maps
create a file
| Code: | | touch /etc/auto.direct |
and edit it to contain this line
| Code: | # mount /usr/portage at thishost on /home/usr/portage
# NB you may have to replace localhost by your hostname
/usr/portage_rename localhost:/home/usr/portage |
note that I've called it "/usr/portage_rename" for now so that we don't mask the origional /usr/portage, after it's all working and the data has been copied accross then you can change the moint point to "/usr/portage"
create the dir /home/usr/portage
| Code: | | mkdir -p /home/usr/portage |
and place a file in there to proove that the automounter is working
| Code: | | echo "You made it" > /home/usr/portage/testfile.txt |
start the automounter
| Code: | | /etc/runleavels/default/autofs start |
if all is well when you cd into /usr/portage_rename you will see the file "testfile.txt"
once you have this working, try reboot if necessary or replace the "localhost" with your hostname in /etc/auto.direct
then you can copy all the files there. I'd sugest that you have a good look in the /usr/portage/packages directory and get rid of old pakages that you no longer need (look for packages that have multiple versions and delete the older ones) to save space
then:
| Code: | cd /usr;
tar -cf - ./portage | ( cd /home/usr; tar -xf - ) |
will tar up all the portage directory and untar it in the new location. Be aware of the spaces, especially after the '(' and before the ')' and dots './portage' in this command. (actually I beleive that GNU tar has the ability to do this with the '-C' flag but i always use this archaic method 
When it's finished (could take a long time) you should see all the contents of /usr/portage in the new automount point /usr/portage_rename.
If it's all good then rename /usr/portage to /usr/portage_todelete
| Code: | | mv /usr/portage /usr/portage_todelete |
edit /etc/auto.direct so it now looks like
| Code: | # mount /usr/portage at thishost on /home/usr/portage
# NB you may have to replace localhost by your hostname
/usr/portage localhost:/home/usr/portage |
and reload the automounter
| Code: | | /etc/runlevels/default/autofs reload |
NB reload may not be the correct argument but you can always stop it and then start it for the same effect
If its all ok when you restart and emerge works properly (emerge sync) (try re-emerging something or pick a new ebuild) then you can safley delete the origional dir to freeup space
| Code: | | rm -rf /usr/portage_todelete |
Similar things can be done with other directories in root such as "/opt", I didn't move the whole of the /usr dir as some of the important files are found in /usr/bin or /usr/sbin or /usr/lib or of course you can add another disk, format it and create a mountpoint in /etc/fstab for it called "/renametousr" mount it and copy in the whole of the /usr directory in a similar way as above then when it's all done rename the /usr dir to "/usr_to_delete" and rename the mountpoint "/renametousr" in /etc/fstab to "/usr" and reboot.
If all is OK and commands all work you're good and can delete "/usr_to_delete"
In future try to partition your disks so that the big directories /usr /opt /home and /var are not in the root partition. this way "/" will pretty much stay the same size even as your system gets fatter and more importantly it wont be full so the system will keep running allowing you to fix stuff.
Also it's worth looking at using a volume manager (but I've not done this yet) so that when you need more space in a partition (virtual partition) you can just assign another partition from the same or another disk and create more room.
Hope that helps  [/code] |
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BlackEdder
Advocate
Joined: 26 Apr 2004
Posts: 2588
Location: Dutch enclave in Egham, UK
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| Posted: Tue Dec 21, 2004 4:54 pm Post subject: |
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The automounter seems a difficult way of doing things.
I would make a portage dir on /home and then or just make a link form /usr/portage to /home/portage. Or (preferably) tell portage that it should use /home/portage as portage dir (there is a setting in make.conf for that).
But 12 gb should be enough and I would guess cleaning the distfiles and /var/tmp/portage should give you a lot of room |
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Karl_R
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 21 Mar 2004
Posts: 118
Location: Sydney
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| Posted: Tue Dec 21, 2004 5:03 pm Post subject: |
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I realise that the automounter is probably overkill but I was just showing a way of shifting stuff from a full partition to another one without screwing up the system
Obviosly if you can just change an a config property that tells the system to look elswhere for stuff that is simpler, the automounter will allow you to move binaries and other comands as well without you needing to edit PATH variables
which is handy! |
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pjp
Administrator
Joined: 16 Apr 2002
Posts: 20067
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| Posted: Tue Dec 21, 2004 5:35 pm Post subject: |
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There is a FAQ Forum entry on cleaning out various directories, at least some of which have already been mentioned.
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