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NeddySeagoon
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 6:31 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

shadebug,

Please expand your previous post to describe the disks that were fitted at each step and where grub was installed.
I think I am beginning to see some light ...

Adding disks can make the BIOS renumber existing drives.
Installing grub tells it where to look for /boot.

From the above, grub may be looking on the wrong drive.
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 7:05 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

install suse with grub
Partitioned as: HDA1 /home ; SDA1 /boot ; SDA2 swap ; SDA3 ; SDA4 /
grub loads and boots suse fine
install gentoo without grub
FSTAB as: HDA1 /home ; SDA1 /boot ; SDA2 swap ; SDA3 / ; no sda4 since that's the suse drive
grub no longer loads at all
install grub from gentoo
if memory served this was always done from a chrooted environment with /boot and everything else mount. First just emerge grub, then on the next attempt, grub-install, then on the next attempt grub and manually doing it as per handbook(obviously usind hd1,0 and HD1 instead... I hope), then on the next attempt trying grub-install /dev/sd1
grub loads but nothing boots

the physical disks and partitions stay the same all the way through
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 7:18 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

shadebug,

I thought that the IDE drive may have been added part way throgh the sequence.
Get into the gentoo chroot.
Do the following command sequence where -> menas press tab
Code:
grub
root (hd0,->
grub will show you the list of partitions on what it things is hd0, if there is only one option, it will fill it in
Ctrl-c to quit.

In your BIOS, what is the boot order set to?
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 9:05 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'm pretty sure that I checked it before and it thinks hd 0 is the IDE and hd 1 is the SATA. boot order is CDrom to HDD but there's no selection of which. Either way, when I originally put the ide in it already had my old laptop install on there and it booted into suse from the sata drive anyway, so I think we can safely assume it's recognising the sata first
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 9:17 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

shadebug,

We can't assume anything. On the basis of that assuption, your grub.conf and your ls /l boot, the box boots Gentoo and you don't have a problem.
Thats clearly a contradiction. Your grub.conf and ls -l /boot are established facts.
Lets question the assumptions and establish some more facts.
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 9:53 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

well here's something... I go into grub from my chrooted environment and I type (hd0, and then I press tab, and it tabs, it doesn't tab complete or show a list of options, it tabs as if it were in a text editor. Same for (hd1,

I'd say we're onto something here. And this is why I'm still a n00b
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 10:00 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

shadebug,

You type
Code:
(hd0,
or
Code:
root (hd0,
followed by the tab key ?

I'm sorry if my last post coma accross as blunt or curt. It was not intended that way
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 03, 2006 10:04 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

what I typed was just (hd0, followed by tab and then just (hd1, followed by tab....

will try root in a second... right now it's compiling bitlbee (I cba to keep using the livecd)

edit: tried with root (hd0, then tab and root (hd1, then tab and all it did was tab across.
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PostPosted: Fri Aug 04, 2006 12:04 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ok, I've decided to cuit my losses and I'm gonna reinstall. i would love to have sorted this out but really, I'm more worried about having a working computer so there we have it
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 05, 2006 9:45 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

well, that didn't work, new problems, seeming remarkably similar to old ones

First off a little history. I had been trying to install suse and gentoo on the same rig, it had failed at the point where I'd installed both but grub was having problems. I tried a reinstall installing suse first and then gentoo but this time with 2 separate /boot partitions but I only managed to get as far as installing suse when grub started giving me error 17s before grub had even loaded (I'mk lead to believe that that's an unrecognised file system). I was able to boot if I used the installation CD as a boot disk and I messed about a bit, essentially transferring grub to /boot on sda1 and replacing the mbr of hda1 with generic code. That didn't work and I don't like to mess around with configurations and other stuff that yast is supposed to do automagically so I decided to try again, but the other way round.

The situation as it stands now.
I installed gentoo following the amd_64 handbook with a manual kernel configuration.
My partitions are set up as
HDA
1: 20GB ext3 /home
SDA
1: 50MB ext2 /boot (gentoo)
2: 100MB reiserfs /boot (suse)
3: 2GB swap
4: rest of disk extended
5: 20GB reiserfs / (suse)
6: 20GB ext3 / (gentoo)

now, when I boot grub does load and it only gives me one option of gentoo (being that I've yet to attempt installing suse this time round, that's a good thing). When IO try to boot though I get
Quote:
booting 'gentoo'
root (hd1,0)
filesystem type is ext2 fs, partition type 0x83
kernel /linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r4 root=/dev/sda6 vga=0x31A

obviously that's not a direct copy and paste but that's about it if memory serves

I've tried adding /boot before /linux ... and that didn't help. If I change root (hd1,0) tp root (hd0,0) the screen goes blank and just stays like that until I reset.

so, here's some potentially relevant information
Quote:
linux:/mnt/boot # ls -l
total 2305
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 8 23:13 .keep
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1 Aug 4 19:47 boot -> .
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Aug 4 22:51 grub
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2336493 Aug 4 22:19 linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r4
drwx------ 2 root root 12288 Aug 4 19:38 lost+found

Quote:

linux:/mnt/boot/grub # ls -l
total 333
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197 Aug 4 22:51 default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45 Aug 4 22:51 device.map
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8052 Aug 4 22:51 e2fs_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7812 Aug 4 22:51 fat_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7060 Aug 4 22:51 ffs_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 142 Aug 4 23:04 grub.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1624 Aug 4 22:43 grub.conf.sample
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7124 Aug 4 22:51 iso9660_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8544 Aug 4 22:51 jfs_stage1_5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Aug 4 22:43 menu.lst -> grub.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7252 Aug 4 22:51 minix_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9524 Aug 4 22:51 reiserfs_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33856 Aug 4 22:43 splash.xpm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 512 Aug 4 22:51 stage1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 105512 Aug 4 23:02 stage2
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 105512 Aug 4 22:43 stage2_eltorito
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7336 Aug 4 22:51 ufs2_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6708 Aug 4 22:51 vstafs_stage1_5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9372 Aug 4 22:51 xfs_stage1_5

Quote:

linux:/mnt/boot/grub # cat grub.conf
default 0
timeout 30
splahimage=(hd1,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz

title=Gentoo
root (hd1,0)
kernel /linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r4 root=/dev/sda6 vga=0x31A

Quote:

linux:/mnt/etc # cat fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# noatime turns off atimes for increased performance (atimes normally aren't
# needed; notail increases performance of ReiserFS (at the expense of storage
# efficiency). It's safe to drop the noatime options if you want and to
# switch between notail / tail freely.
#
# The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
# All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
#
# See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
#

# <fs> <mountpoint> <type> <opts> <dump/pass>

# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
/dev/sda1 /boot ext2 defaults 1 2
/dev/sda6 / ext3 noatime 0 1
/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
#/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto 0 0

# NOTE: The next line is critical for boot!
none /proc proc defaults 0 0

# glibc 2.2 and above expects tmpfs to be mounted at /dev/shm for
# POSIX shared memory (shm_open, shm_unlink).
# (tmpfs is a dynamically expandable/shrinkable ramdisk, and will
# use almost no memory if not populated with files)
none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0



when back in the gentoo universal cd and mounting drives the following happens
Quote:
#mount /dev/sda6 /mnt/gentoo
#mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot
ext2-fs warning: mounting unchecked fs, running e2fsck is recommended


also, whenever I try to umount sda6, even if I'm not chrooted this happens
Quote:

umount:/mnt/gentoo: device is busy


which is annoying

as always, if anybody kind enough to help needs any more info I'd be happy to offer it.
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 05, 2006 11:49 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

shadebug,

A few things - in Linux, reinstalling never fixes anything. At best, it gives you another chance to not make the error you mad on your last attempt. This is especailly true of boot loaders like lilo and grub, since they always run outside the main system. Their job is done when the kernel starts to decompress at boot time.

Having two /boot directories will drive you insane because you can only have one grub.conf active at a time.
When grub is installed on the MBR, the boot partition it will use is fixed. You can nave different grubs on different disks - then you must chnage the boot order in the BIOS to use them. That way lies madness with some BIOSs, since they always report to boot disc to be (hd0) to grub.

You should share /boot, <swap> and possibly /tmp and /home across all your Linux installs.

Your grub error is indeed a filesystem issue
Code:
  17 : Cannot mount selected partition
     This error is returned if the partition requested exists, but the
     filesystem type cannot be recognized by GRUB.
Gub can read at most one filesystem type, determined at install time by which stage1.5 file is nistalled. You would get this error if you changed the filesystem on /boot but did not reinstall grub.

Code:
1: 50MB ext2 /boot (gentoo)
2: 100MB reiserfs /boot (suse)
grun can only read one fisesystem type. IF you really want multiple /boots, they must all use the same filesystem or grub will only be able to read one of them.

Does
Code:
splahimage=(hd1,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
work ?
You will see the grub menu against a splish imange if so. That confirms that the grub install is looking on (hd1,0), thats your
Code:
1: 50MB ext2 /boot (gentoo)
so grub is reading things correctly - thats good.

You have the
Code:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1 Aug 4 19:47 boot -> .
entry in your /boot, so both
Code:
kernel /linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r4 root=/dev/sda6 vga=0x31A
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r4 root=/dev/sda6 vga=0x31A
will work.

So ... for grub, it all looks good.

When the BIOS loads the MBR, it loads the rest of grub, grub reads its grub.conf and displays the splash screen and menu. You make your choice, grub loads your kernel into memory and jumps to the kernel start address. Grub never gets control again - its finished.

It appears you have installed grub to read a rieserfs /boot not an ext2 onr, or vice versa. This is the two /boot partition madness, that I outlined earlier beginning to bite.
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 05, 2006 12:02 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ahh, well I've learnt something new today. the way I figured it, suse likes reiser and gentoo likes ext2 so give them their own space. The reason for separate boot partitions was because I figured the separate installs might have been messing with each other, after all the point of a separate /boot partition in the first place is to protect the kernel so I figured keeping all my kernels separate made sense. Now I know better

the error 17 was just on the suse install though, that's now gone and gotten rid of, now I'm back to a good ol' error 15. That said, I do not get a splash screen on grub when it loads, so that's probably where my problem lies too. sda2 and sda5, though formatted don't get mounted or anything at the moment so I can't imagine they'll be causing any issues and I can reformat sda2 to ext2 when I install suse I should think.

Right then... I'm off to check me some bios settings because I think that might be part of the problem

edit:
nope, bios has sda loading before hda, whether it says the same thing to grub I don't know, either way, grub-install said that hda was hd0 and sda was hd1 so that's what I worked with... of course, it also gave me a reading for an fdd which is non existant

extra edit:
I think I should probably make myself a little clearer, I reinstalled grub last time I triedinstalling gentoo (that is to say, this time) so it should've been installed to read ext2 since that's what /boot was and is
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Last edited by shadebug on Sat Aug 05, 2006 12:21 pm; edited 1 time in total
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 05, 2006 12:18 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

shadebug,

Error 15 is an improvement on Error 17.
Your
Code:
splahimage=(hd1,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
looks good, so it makes me winder if the grub on your MBR is actually reading the right /boot. Although, a missing grub.conf gets you a grub boot prompt, not Error 15. That would be an interesting test .. rename grub.conf so its not found - do you get a grub prompt ?
If so, something in grub.conf is not right.

Ahhhh
Code:
splahimage=(hd1,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
   ^^
a misssing 's'

The idea of a seperate /boot arose when hard drives got bigger than 528Mb. It was required because the BIOS could only read the first 528Mb, so all the files needed to boot had to be there. There have been several cases of HDD getting bigger than the BIOS can handle since. 4GB, 8GB, 33Gb, 137Gb. The next will be at 256TB. A seperate /boot is not required but its a really good idea for multilple installs, because you fix the partition to boot from when grub is installed on the MBR.
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 05, 2006 12:51 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

right, I fixed splashimage, rebooted and grub threw a fit (to use the technical jargon), everything black and white pixelated lines all over the place, non standard characters a mess of pixels and so on. It was however just about legible as the same boot menu with just gentoo (as it should be) which produces the same error 15 when attempting to boot.
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 05, 2006 12:54 pm    Post subject: grub errors Reply with quote

hy, i'm an italian guy that has installed Gentoo 2006.0 two days ago :) , i have a problem with grub that wan't to starts windows XP at all and i don't know why. that's are my grub.conf and device.map

Grub.conf:

Code:

default 0
timeout 30
splashimage=(hd1,1)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz

title=Windows Xp Professional
#map (hd0) (hd2)
map (hd2) (hd0)
#root (hd2,0)
rootnoverify (hd2,0)
makeactive
chailoader (hd2,0)+1

title=Gentoo Linux
root (hd1,1)
kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.15-gentoo-r5 root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hdb2
initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.15-gentoo-r5

title=Gentoo Linux-2.6.17
root (hd1,1)
kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.17-gentoo-r4 root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hdb2
initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.17-gentoo-r4


Device.map:
Code:

(fd0)   /dev/fd0
(hd0)   /dev/hda
(hd1)   /dev/hdb
(hd2)   /dev/sda
(hd3)   /dev/sdb


Grub is installed on /dev/hda i've tried in many ways (as u see from the .conf) to loadd windows but i fail...it "reloads" always the menu and don't load windows. Windows is installed on a SATA disk (/dev/sda) i've tried to install grub on sta too with grub-install but when i load from SATA it give me ERROR 17 end don't load the menu.
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 05, 2006 1:31 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Il_Tera,

Welcome to Gentoo. I've added your post to our Grub Error Collection, since you have a grub issue.

You are going along the right lines.
Code:
title=Windows Xp Professional
# Swap (hd0) and (hd2) so windows things its on the first drive
map (hd0) (hd2)
map (hd2) (hd0)
# From here down use (hd0) in place of (hd2)
# becase the map commands above have swapped them
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1
try that.
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PostPosted: Sun Aug 06, 2006 11:43 pm    Post subject: Madness Takes Its Toll Reply with quote

I've been working this problem so long, I think I shall go mad. The problem: Booting with grub brings me as far as the grub splash screen. At that point, I enter:

Code:
   kernel /kernel
   boot

and it boots normally.

I'm a very long-time Gentoo / grub user. I've read the fine manual and the threads in this forum. I remain unenlightened.

Here's my /boot/grub/menu.lst :

Code:
  default 0
  timeout 30
  splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
  Title=Gentoo Linux
  root (hd0,0)
  kernel /kernel root=/dev/hda2 splash=verbose showopts

The contents of /boot:

Code:
  lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       1 Aug  5 12:10 boot -> .
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    1024 Aug  6 19:10 grub
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root 2570253 Aug  2 06:39 kernel


The contents of /boot/grub:

Code:
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    197 Aug  2 06:41 default
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    105 Aug  2 06:40 device.map
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   8052 Aug  2 06:41 e2fs_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   7812 Aug  2 06:41 fat_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   7060 Aug  2 06:41 ffs_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    147 Aug  6 19:36 grub.conf
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   1624 Aug  2 06:40 grub.conf.sample
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   7124 Aug  2 06:41 iso9660_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   8544 Aug  2 06:41 jfs_stage1_5
  lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root      9 Aug  6 19:10 menu.lst -> grub.conf
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   7252 Aug  2 06:41 minix_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   9524 Aug  2 06:41 reiserfs_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root  33856 Aug  2 06:40 splash.xpm.gz
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root    512 Aug  2 06:41 stage1
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root 105512 Aug  2 06:41 stage2
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root 105512 Aug  2 06:40 stage2_eltorito
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   7336 Aug  2 06:41 ufs2_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   6708 Aug  2 06:41 vstafs_stage1_5
  -rw-r--r--  1 root root   9372 Aug  2 06:41 xfs_stage1_5


I hope you can help. I'd hate to convert to lilo.

-- Bill
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PostPosted: Mon Aug 07, 2006 11:54 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

bsheehan,

Code:
Title=Gentoo Linux
^
Linux is case sensitive. title= not Title=
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PostPosted: Mon Aug 07, 2006 12:25 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

NeddySeagoon wrote:
bsheehan,

Code:
Title=Gentoo Linux
^
Linux is case sensitive. title= not Title=


Needle nardle noo - of course! I never even SAW that upper case T. Thanks!

-- Bill
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PostPosted: Tue Aug 08, 2006 3:07 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

...

Stupid me!
Files in wrong place...


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PostPosted: Tue Aug 08, 2006 3:14 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Just a general tip for people booting Windows instead of Gentoo/bootloader, be sure to check your BIOS for what order the drivers are booting in. You may be able to switch them here or might need to physically change which is the primary drive and which is the secondary... if you do, just be sure to update GRUB appropriately.

I'd try and help with more, but I don't know a damn thing about genkernel!
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Varean
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Joined: 03 Jul 2005
Posts: 436
Location: California, USA

PostPosted: Wed Aug 09, 2006 8:47 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

After booting GRUB, I get a black screen with a blinking cursor on the left. After about 30 seconds I get to a screen where i get an error 17.

My grub: (after grub-install, it said my /dev/sda(main HD) is hd1 and my windows HD is hd0)
Code:
default 0
timeout 30
spashimage=(hd1,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz

title=gentoo
root (hd1,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-#s root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/sda3 udev
initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86_64-#s

title=win2k
root (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1


i tried re-checking my grub for errors but i dont see any :/
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NeddySeagoon
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PostPosted: Wed Aug 09, 2006 9:12 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Varean,

Explain your partition scheme for both/all your drives please.
As you get a blank screen and error 17, it appears that grub was installed into the MBR with an incorrect root (hd setting, or it was correct at the time of the install but your drives have been renumbered since.

Your grub.conf looks legal - thats not the same as correct though.

The outpur of
Code:
ls -l /boot
for your own /boot may be helpful too.
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Varean
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Joined: 03 Jul 2005
Posts: 436
Location: California, USA

PostPosted: Wed Aug 09, 2006 9:53 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

NeddySeagoon wrote:
Varean,

Explain your partition scheme for both/all your drives please.
As you get a blank screen and error 17, it appears that grub was installed into the MBR with an incorrect root (hd setting, or it was correct at the time of the install but your drives have been renumbered since.

Your grub.conf looks legal - thats not the same as correct though.

The outpur of
Code:
ls -l /boot
for your own /boot may be helpful too.


Well, I was able to fix the problems I had, the system automatically set my /dev/sda to hd0 when the grub had set it to hd1, i just changed the device map and it boots now :)

However, after following the guides steps to make windows boot, i get a "NTLDR is missing" error and i have to restart the computer.

My windows grub.conf

Code:
title=win2k
map (hd1) (hd0)
map (hd0) hd1)
chainloader (hd0)+1


hd0 is my sda drive (SATA-linux) and hd1 is my windows(/dev/sda)
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jmbsvicetto
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 10, 2006 10:22 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Varean,

the "NTLDR is missing" error probably means that you installed GRUB in the windows boot partition. You need to boot with your windows live-cd, select the recovery console and run fixboot. If that isn't enough, you might need to run fixmbr. However, after doing that you will need to install GRUB into the MBR again.
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